{"id":28308,"date":"2024-04-17T15:40:23","date_gmt":"2024-04-17T12:40:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/tr.dasakademie.com\/?p=28308"},"modified":"2024-06-02T18:43:50","modified_gmt":"2024-06-02T15:43:50","slug":"bir-dil-kac-kelime-ile-konusulur","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/tr.dasakademie.com\/tr\/bir-dil-kac-kelime-ile-konusulur\/","title":{"rendered":"Bir Dil Ka\u00e7 Kelime ile Konu\u015fulur ?"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t
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Dil \u00f6\u011freniminde temel sorulardan birisidir, anadilin veya yabanc\u0131 dilin ka\u00e7 kelime ile konu\u015fuldu\u011fu. DAS Zeitung olarak, bu konuda bir kavram karma\u015fas\u0131 oldu\u011funu g\u00f6rd\u00fck ve t\u00fcrl\u00fc rivayetler, farkl\u0131 sonu\u00e7lar veren ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar ve yakla\u015f\u0131mlar aras\u0131ndan derledi\u011fimiz bilgiler ile \u201d bir dil ka\u00e7 kelime ile konu\u015fulur \u201d sorusuna cevap aramaya ba\u015flad\u0131k.<\/p>

Asl\u0131nda \u201d bir dil ka\u00e7 kelime ile konu\u015fulur \u201d sorusunu, her bir dil i\u00e7in ayr\u0131 ayr\u0131 sormak ve irdelemek daha do\u011fru bir yakla\u015f\u0131m olarak g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcyor. Zira, her dilin kendisine has bir yap\u0131s\u0131 ve geli\u015fim s\u00fcreci bulunmakta.<\/p>

Peki kelime bilmek bir dili konu\u015fabilmek i\u00e7in \u00e7ok mu \u00f6nemli ? Cevab\u0131m\u0131z, k\u0131saca evet olacakt\u0131r. Bir dilde ne kadar kelime (yeni ad\u0131yla kelime ailesi) biliyorsan\u0131z o dile o kadar hakim oldu\u011funuz s\u00f6ylenebilir. Burada da yabanc\u0131 dil e\u011fitiminde oldu\u011fu gibi, ayn\u0131 perspektiften bakabilmek ad\u0131na\u00a0Avrupa Birli\u011fi Ortak Dil Kriterleri<\/strong>\u00a0\u00e7er\u00e7evesinde bir de\u011ferlendirme yapmak \u00f6n plana \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yor. Ba\u015fka bir deyi\u015fle, kelime say\u0131s\u0131 k\u0131yaslamas\u0131 yapabilmek i\u00e7in standart seviye sistemi basamaklar\u0131ndan yaralanmak ve \u201d Bir dil ka\u00e7 kelime ile konu\u015fulur ?\u201d sorusuna A1, A2, B1, B2, C1, C2 seviyelerine g\u00f6re bir yan\u0131t bulmak gerekiyor.<\/p>

Dillere g\u00f6re bir ayr\u0131m yap\u0131lmaks\u0131z\u0131n verilen listelerde seviye \u2013 toplam kelime say\u0131s\u0131 ba\u011flant\u0131s\u0131 \u015fu \u015fekilde kurulmakta:<\/p>

A1 \u2013 500 \/ 550<\/p>

A2 \u2013 1000 \/ 1100<\/p>

B1 \u2013 2000 \/ 2200<\/p>

B2 \u2013 4000 \/ 4400<\/p>

C1 \u2013 8000 \/ 8800<\/p>

C2 \u2013 16000 \/ 17600<\/p>

Bir dili temel d\u00fczeyde biliyorum diyebilmek ve belli s\u0131n\u0131rlar dahilinde ak\u0131c\u0131 olarak konu\u015fabilmek ad\u0131na A2 seviyesinde olunmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fi varsay\u0131l\u0131rsa, bir dil \u00f6\u011freniminde ilk hedefin b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011fu aktif olarak kullan\u0131labilen ve kal\u0131c\u0131 \u015fekilde \u00f6\u011frenilen 1000 \u2013 1100 kelime olmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini s\u00f6ylemek pekala m\u00fcmk\u00fcn.<\/p>

Bu konuda yap\u0131lan bilimsel \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131nda ise, bilim insanlar\u0131 James Milton ve\u00a0Thoma\u00ef Alexiou \u2018 nun birlikte y\u00fcr\u00fctt\u00fckleri \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma gelmekte ve \u00e7o\u011fu kaynakta bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya at\u0131fta bulunulmaktad\u0131r. Milton ve Alexiou, bir dil ka\u00e7 kelime ile konu\u015fulur sorusuna \u0130ngilizce, Frans\u0131zca ve Yunanca i\u00e7in ayr\u0131 ayr\u0131 yakla\u015fm\u0131\u015f ve bu diller i\u00e7in gerekli aktif kullan\u0131lan kelime da\u011farc\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 yine Avrupa Birli\u011fi Ortak Dil Kriterleri (Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (The Council of Europe 2003)) do\u011frultusunda kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmal\u0131 olarak vermi\u015flerdir. Bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmadan \u00e7\u0131kan sonucu \u015fu \u015fekilde \u00f6zetlemek m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr:<\/p>

Seviye\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u0130ngilizce\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Frans\u0131zca\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Yunanca<\/p>

A1\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 < 1500\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a01160\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a01486<\/p>

A2\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a01500-2500\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a01650\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a02237<\/p>

B1\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a02750 \u2013 3250\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a02422\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 3288<\/p>

B2\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a03250 \u2013 3750\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a02630\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 3956<\/p>

C1\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a03750 \u2013 4500\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a03212<\/p>

C2\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a04500 \u2013 5000\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a03525<\/p>

Tablodan da g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc gibi, her dil i\u00e7in gerekli kelime say\u0131s\u0131 birbirinden \u00f6nemli derecede farkl\u0131l\u0131k g\u00f6sterebilmektedir.<\/p>

Nation\u2019 a (2006) g\u00f6re ise yabanc\u0131 dile hakimiyet kurabilmek ad\u0131na, \u201cokuma\u201d i\u00e7in 8.000 \u2013 9.000 ve \u201cdinleme\u201d i\u00e7in ise 6.000 \u2013 7.000 kelime ailesini bilmek gerekmekte.<\/p>

Konu ile ilgili olarak dan\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z\u00a0DAS Akademie\u00a0<\/strong><\/a>uzmanlar\u0131 ise, benzer bir \u015fekilde, bu konuda her dil ve her birey i\u00e7in kesin ve ayn\u0131 say\u0131lar\u0131n verilmesinin imkans\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131na vurgu yaparken, okuyucular\u0131m\u0131z i\u00e7in bir fikir olu\u015fturabilmesi bak\u0131m\u0131ndan, kendi e\u011fitimlerinde kulland\u0131klar\u0131 ve t\u00fcm d\u00fcnyada da yayg\u0131n olarak kullan\u0131lan Almanca e\u011fitim materyalleri \u00fczerinden bir \u00f6rnek veriyorlar. Buna g\u00f6re, A seviyesi kurlar\u0131nda e\u011fitim i\u00e7eri\u011finde en az bir defa kullan\u0131lan yeni kelime say\u0131lar\u0131 yakla\u015f\u0131k \u015fu \u015fekilde :<\/p>

A1-1 i\u00e7in yakla\u015f\u0131k 1.300 yeni kelime<\/p>

A1-2 i\u00e7in yakla\u015f\u0131k 1.000 yeni kelime<\/p>

A2-1 i\u00e7in yakla\u015f\u0131k 900 yeni kelime<\/p>

A2-2 i\u00e7in yakla\u015f\u0131k 800 yeni kelime<\/p>

Toplam, yakla\u015f\u0131k 4.000 yeni kelime<\/em><\/p>

Tabii ki burada s\u00f6z\u00fc edilen her kelime s\u00fcrekli olarak aktif \u015fekilde haf\u0131zada kalmayabiliyor ve bir \u00e7o\u011fu pasif kelime hazinesine dahil edildi\u011finden, kullan\u0131mda yaz\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015flar\u0131nda vermi\u015f oldu\u011fumuz kelime say\u0131lar\u0131na benzer sonu\u00e7lar elde ediliyor. Tekil kelimeler, kelime ailelerine indirgendi\u011finde de benzer \u015fekilde sonu\u00e7larda bir miktar d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015f g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcyor. Burada \u00f6nemli olan nokta ve\u00a0DAS Akademie\u00a0yetkililerince de \u00fczerinde \u0131srarla durulan konu, e\u011fitim i\u00e7eri\u011finde ge\u00e7en bu kelimelerin tamam\u0131n\u0131n kal\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n sa\u011flanmas\u0131 y\u00f6n\u00fcnde. Y\u00fcr\u00fctmekte olduklar\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalarda, e\u011fitimlerinde kulland\u0131klar\u0131 \u201cDAS E\u011fitim Metodu<\/strong><\/a>\u201d \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde s\u00fcrekli olarak bu y\u00f6nde bir iyile\u015ftirme gayreti i\u00e7erisinde olduklar\u0131n\u0131 ekliyorlar.<\/p>

Aktif \u2013 Pasif Kelime Hazinesi<\/h2>

Konu ile ilgili olarak g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcnde bulundurulmas\u0131 gereken \u00f6nemli bir husus da,\u00a0Aktif ve Pasif kelime hazineleri<\/strong>dir. Bireyin sahip oldu\u011fu kelimelerin tamam\u0131 kelime hazinesini meydana getirir. Ki\u015finin s\u00f6zl\u00fc ve yaz\u0131l\u0131 anlat\u0131m becerilerinde bilin\u00e7li olarak kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131 kelimeler \u2018aktif kelime hazinesini; anlat\u0131m faaliyetlerinde kullanamad\u0131\u011f\u0131 fakat okuma ve dinleme becerilerinde kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131nda anlamland\u0131rabildi\u011fi kelimeler \u2018pasif kelime hazinesini olu\u015fturur. Bilim insanlar\u0131 Jalongo ve Sobolak (2010)\u00a0pasif kelime hazinesinin aktif kelime hazinesinin yakla\u015f\u0131k d\u00f6rt kat\u0131<\/strong>\u00a0oldu\u011funu ifade etmektedirler.<\/p>

Ba\u015fka bir ifade ile, kelime hazinemizin, konu\u015ftu\u011fumuz dili duydu\u011fumuzda ve okudu\u011fumuzda kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z k\u0131sm\u0131 \u201cPasif\u201d kelime hazinemizi olu\u015ftururken, yazarken ve konu\u015furken kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z k\u0131sm\u0131 \u201cAktif\u201d kelime hazinemiz olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Gerek anadilde gerekse yabanc\u0131 dillerde aktif kelime hazinemiz pasif hazinemize g\u00f6re \u00f6nemli oranda k\u0131s\u0131tl\u0131d\u0131r. \u201c\u00d6\u011frendi\u011fim yabanc\u0131 dili dinleyince ve okuyunca anl\u0131yorum ama konu\u015fam\u0131yorum,\u201d \u015feklinde s\u0131kl\u0131kla duydu\u011fumuz serzeni\u015fin alt\u0131nda da bu ger\u00e7ek yatmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>

Sonu\u00e7 olarak, \u201d bir dil ka\u00e7 kelime ile konu\u015fulur ?\u201d sorusuna verilecek cevap \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde, aktif ve pasif kelime hazineleri hususuna da ayr\u0131ca dikkat edilmesi gerekti\u011fi s\u00f6ylenebilir.<\/p>

Peki ya anadilimiz ?<\/h3>

Hangi dil olursa olsun, bilimsel kaynaklar anadil bak\u0131m\u0131ndan bellekte bulunan kelime ailesi say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 ortalama\u00a020.000<\/strong>\u00a0(Goulden, Nation & Read (1990) ve Zechmeister, Chronis, Cull, D\u2019 Anna & Healy (1995)) civar\u0131nda vermektedir. \u00d6nemli olan nokta ise, bu kelime say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n ne kadar\u0131n\u0131n aktif kelime hazinesinde bulundu\u011fu ve g\u00fcnl\u00fck hayatta ne kadar\u0131n\u0131n kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131d\u0131r. \u00d6zellikle son d\u00f6nemlerde gen\u00e7lerimiz \u00fczerinde yap\u0131lan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalarda ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan \u201cG\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde gen\u00e7ler g\u00fcnde ortalama 400 kelime kullan\u0131yorlar !\u201d y\u00f6n\u00fcndeki bulgular, tam da bu soruna i\u015faret etmektedir.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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DAS Akademie, kuruldu\u011fu 1998 y\u0131l\u0131ndan g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze kadar, Almanca e\u011fitimi oda\u011f\u0131nda b\u00fct\u00fcnle\u015fik \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmler sunan bir e\u011fitim, yaz\u0131l\u0131m ve hizmet kurumudur. \u0130zmir, Berlin ve \u0130stanbul merkezlerinde g\u00f6rev alan 50\u2019nin \u00fczerinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan\u0131yla, Avrupa Birli\u011fi Dil Standartlar\u0131 do\u011frultusunda y\u00fcz y\u00fcze ve online Almanca e\u011fitimleri vermekte, uluslararas\u0131 ge\u00e7erlili\u011fe sahip telc s\u0131navlar\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fczenlemekte, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de ve Almanya\u2019da dil kamplar\u0131 organize etmekte, dijital ve bas\u0131l\u0131 yay\u0131nc\u0131l\u0131k faaliyetlerinde bulunmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Kullan\u0131m \u015eartlar\u0131<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Gizlilik Bildirimi<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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\u00c7erez Politikas\u0131<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Ayd\u0131nlatma Metinleri<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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\u0130lgili Ki\u015fi Ba\u015fvuru Formu<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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KVKK A\u00e7\u0131klama<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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\u0130leti\u015fim Bilgileri<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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DAS AKADEMIE GLOBAL<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Dil \u00f6\u011freniminde temel sorulardan birisidir, anadilin veya yabanc\u0131 dilin ka\u00e7 kelime ile konu\u015fuldu\u011fu. DAS Zeitung olarak, bu konuda bir kavram karma\u015fas\u0131 oldu\u011funu g\u00f6rd\u00fck ve t\u00fcrl\u00fc rivayetler, farkl\u0131 sonu\u00e7lar veren ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar ve yakla\u015f\u0131mlar aras\u0131ndan derledi\u011fimiz bilgiler ile \u201d bir dil ka\u00e7 kelime ile konu\u015fulur \u201d sorusuna cevap aramaya ba\u015flad\u0131k. Asl\u0131nda \u201d bir dil ka\u00e7 kelime ile konu\u015fulur \u201d sorusunu, her bir dil i\u00e7in ayr\u0131 ayr\u0131 sormak ve irdelemek daha do\u011fru bir yakla\u015f\u0131m olarak g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcyor. Zira, her dilin kendisine has bir yap\u0131s\u0131 ve geli\u015fim s\u00fcreci bulunmakta. Peki kelime bilmek bir dili konu\u015fabilmek i\u00e7in \u00e7ok mu \u00f6nemli ? Cevab\u0131m\u0131z, k\u0131saca evet olacakt\u0131r. Bir dilde ne kadar kelime (yeni ad\u0131yla kelime ailesi) biliyorsan\u0131z o dile o kadar hakim oldu\u011funuz s\u00f6ylenebilir. Burada da yabanc\u0131 dil e\u011fitiminde oldu\u011fu gibi, ayn\u0131 perspektiften bakabilmek ad\u0131na\u00a0Avrupa Birli\u011fi Ortak Dil Kriterleri\u00a0\u00e7er\u00e7evesinde bir de\u011ferlendirme yapmak \u00f6n plana \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yor. Ba\u015fka bir deyi\u015fle, kelime say\u0131s\u0131 k\u0131yaslamas\u0131 yapabilmek i\u00e7in standart seviye sistemi basamaklar\u0131ndan yaralanmak ve \u201d Bir dil ka\u00e7 kelime ile konu\u015fulur ?\u201d sorusuna A1, A2, B1, B2, C1, C2 seviyelerine g\u00f6re bir yan\u0131t bulmak gerekiyor. Dillere g\u00f6re bir ayr\u0131m yap\u0131lmaks\u0131z\u0131n verilen listelerde seviye \u2013 toplam kelime say\u0131s\u0131 ba\u011flant\u0131s\u0131 \u015fu \u015fekilde kurulmakta: A1 \u2013 500 \/ 550 A2 \u2013 1000 \/ 1100 B1 \u2013 2000 \/ 2200 B2 \u2013 4000 \/ 4400 C1 \u2013 8000 \/ 8800 C2 \u2013 16000 \/ 17600 Bir dili temel d\u00fczeyde biliyorum diyebilmek ve belli s\u0131n\u0131rlar dahilinde ak\u0131c\u0131 olarak konu\u015fabilmek ad\u0131na A2 seviyesinde olunmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fi varsay\u0131l\u0131rsa, bir dil \u00f6\u011freniminde ilk hedefin b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011fu aktif olarak kullan\u0131labilen ve kal\u0131c\u0131 \u015fekilde \u00f6\u011frenilen 1000 \u2013 1100 kelime olmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini s\u00f6ylemek pekala m\u00fcmk\u00fcn. Bu konuda yap\u0131lan bilimsel \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131nda ise, bilim insanlar\u0131 James Milton ve\u00a0Thoma\u00ef Alexiou \u2018 nun birlikte y\u00fcr\u00fctt\u00fckleri \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma gelmekte ve \u00e7o\u011fu kaynakta bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya at\u0131fta bulunulmaktad\u0131r. Milton ve Alexiou, bir dil ka\u00e7 kelime ile konu\u015fulur sorusuna \u0130ngilizce, Frans\u0131zca ve Yunanca i\u00e7in ayr\u0131 ayr\u0131 yakla\u015fm\u0131\u015f ve bu diller i\u00e7in gerekli aktif kullan\u0131lan kelime da\u011farc\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 yine Avrupa Birli\u011fi Ortak Dil Kriterleri (Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (The Council of Europe 2003)) do\u011frultusunda kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmal\u0131 olarak vermi\u015flerdir. Bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmadan \u00e7\u0131kan sonucu \u015fu \u015fekilde \u00f6zetlemek m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr: Seviye\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u0130ngilizce\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Frans\u0131zca\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 Yunanca A1\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 < 1500\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a01160\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a01486 A2\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a01500-2500\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a01650\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a02237 B1\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a02750 \u2013 3250\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a02422\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 3288 B2\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a03250 \u2013 3750\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a02630\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 3956 C1\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a03750 \u2013 4500\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a03212 C2\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a04500 \u2013 5000\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a03525 Tablodan da g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc gibi, her dil i\u00e7in gerekli kelime say\u0131s\u0131 birbirinden \u00f6nemli derecede farkl\u0131l\u0131k g\u00f6sterebilmektedir. Nation\u2019 a (2006) g\u00f6re ise yabanc\u0131 dile hakimiyet kurabilmek ad\u0131na, \u201cokuma\u201d i\u00e7in 8.000 \u2013 9.000 ve \u201cdinleme\u201d i\u00e7in ise 6.000 \u2013 7.000 kelime ailesini bilmek gerekmekte. Konu ile ilgili olarak dan\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z\u00a0DAS Akademie\u00a0uzmanlar\u0131 ise, benzer bir \u015fekilde, bu konuda her dil ve her birey i\u00e7in kesin ve ayn\u0131 say\u0131lar\u0131n verilmesinin imkans\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131na vurgu yaparken, okuyucular\u0131m\u0131z i\u00e7in bir fikir olu\u015fturabilmesi bak\u0131m\u0131ndan, kendi e\u011fitimlerinde kulland\u0131klar\u0131 ve t\u00fcm d\u00fcnyada da yayg\u0131n olarak kullan\u0131lan Almanca e\u011fitim materyalleri \u00fczerinden bir \u00f6rnek veriyorlar. Buna g\u00f6re, A seviyesi kurlar\u0131nda e\u011fitim i\u00e7eri\u011finde en az bir defa kullan\u0131lan yeni kelime say\u0131lar\u0131 yakla\u015f\u0131k \u015fu \u015fekilde : A1-1 i\u00e7in yakla\u015f\u0131k 1.300 yeni kelime A1-2 i\u00e7in yakla\u015f\u0131k 1.000 yeni kelime A2-1 i\u00e7in yakla\u015f\u0131k 900 yeni kelime A2-2 i\u00e7in yakla\u015f\u0131k 800 yeni kelime Toplam, yakla\u015f\u0131k 4.000 yeni kelime Tabii ki burada s\u00f6z\u00fc edilen her kelime s\u00fcrekli olarak aktif \u015fekilde haf\u0131zada kalmayabiliyor ve bir \u00e7o\u011fu pasif kelime hazinesine dahil edildi\u011finden, kullan\u0131mda yaz\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015flar\u0131nda vermi\u015f oldu\u011fumuz kelime say\u0131lar\u0131na benzer sonu\u00e7lar elde ediliyor. Tekil kelimeler, kelime ailelerine indirgendi\u011finde de benzer \u015fekilde sonu\u00e7larda bir miktar d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015f g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcyor. Burada \u00f6nemli olan nokta ve\u00a0DAS Akademie\u00a0yetkililerince de \u00fczerinde \u0131srarla durulan konu, e\u011fitim i\u00e7eri\u011finde ge\u00e7en bu kelimelerin tamam\u0131n\u0131n kal\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n sa\u011flanmas\u0131 y\u00f6n\u00fcnde. Y\u00fcr\u00fctmekte olduklar\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalarda, e\u011fitimlerinde kulland\u0131klar\u0131 \u201cDAS E\u011fitim Metodu\u201d \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde s\u00fcrekli olarak bu y\u00f6nde bir iyile\u015ftirme gayreti i\u00e7erisinde olduklar\u0131n\u0131 ekliyorlar. Aktif \u2013 Pasif Kelime Hazinesi Konu ile ilgili olarak g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcnde bulundurulmas\u0131 gereken \u00f6nemli bir husus da,\u00a0Aktif ve Pasif kelime hazineleridir. Bireyin sahip oldu\u011fu kelimelerin tamam\u0131 kelime hazinesini meydana getirir. Ki\u015finin s\u00f6zl\u00fc ve yaz\u0131l\u0131 anlat\u0131m becerilerinde bilin\u00e7li olarak kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131 kelimeler \u2018aktif kelime hazinesini; anlat\u0131m faaliyetlerinde kullanamad\u0131\u011f\u0131 fakat okuma ve dinleme becerilerinde kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131nda anlamland\u0131rabildi\u011fi kelimeler \u2018pasif kelime hazinesini olu\u015fturur. Bilim insanlar\u0131 Jalongo ve Sobolak (2010)\u00a0pasif kelime hazinesinin aktif kelime hazinesinin yakla\u015f\u0131k d\u00f6rt kat\u0131\u00a0oldu\u011funu ifade etmektedirler. Ba\u015fka bir ifade ile, kelime hazinemizin, konu\u015ftu\u011fumuz dili duydu\u011fumuzda ve okudu\u011fumuzda kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z k\u0131sm\u0131 \u201cPasif\u201d kelime hazinemizi olu\u015ftururken, yazarken ve konu\u015furken kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z k\u0131sm\u0131 \u201cAktif\u201d kelime hazinemiz olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Gerek anadilde gerekse yabanc\u0131 dillerde aktif kelime hazinemiz pasif hazinemize g\u00f6re \u00f6nemli oranda k\u0131s\u0131tl\u0131d\u0131r. \u201c\u00d6\u011frendi\u011fim yabanc\u0131 dili dinleyince ve okuyunca anl\u0131yorum ama konu\u015fam\u0131yorum,\u201d \u015feklinde s\u0131kl\u0131kla duydu\u011fumuz serzeni\u015fin alt\u0131nda da bu ger\u00e7ek yatmaktad\u0131r. Sonu\u00e7 olarak, \u201d bir dil ka\u00e7 kelime ile konu\u015fulur ?\u201d sorusuna verilecek cevap \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde, aktif ve pasif kelime hazineleri hususuna da ayr\u0131ca dikkat edilmesi gerekti\u011fi s\u00f6ylenebilir. Peki ya anadilimiz ? Hangi dil olursa olsun, bilimsel kaynaklar anadil bak\u0131m\u0131ndan bellekte bulunan kelime ailesi say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 ortalama\u00a020.000\u00a0(Goulden, Nation & Read (1990) ve Zechmeister, Chronis, Cull, D\u2019 Anna & Healy (1995)) civar\u0131nda vermektedir. \u00d6nemli olan nokta ise, bu kelime say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n ne kadar\u0131n\u0131n aktif kelime hazinesinde bulundu\u011fu ve g\u00fcnl\u00fck hayatta ne kadar\u0131n\u0131n kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131d\u0131r. \u00d6zellikle son d\u00f6nemlerde gen\u00e7lerimiz \u00fczerinde yap\u0131lan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalarda ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan \u201cG\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde gen\u00e7ler g\u00fcnde ortalama 400 kelime kullan\u0131yorlar !\u201d y\u00f6n\u00fcndeki bulgular, tam da bu soruna i\u015faret etmektedir. DAS Akademie, kuruldu\u011fu 1998 y\u0131l\u0131ndan g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze kadar, Almanca e\u011fitimi oda\u011f\u0131nda b\u00fct\u00fcnle\u015fik \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmler sunan bir e\u011fitim, yaz\u0131l\u0131m ve hizmet kurumudur. \u0130zmir, Berlin ve \u0130stanbul merkezlerinde g\u00f6rev alan 50\u2019nin \u00fczerinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan\u0131yla, Avrupa Birli\u011fi Dil Standartlar\u0131 do\u011frultusunda y\u00fcz y\u00fcze ve online Almanca e\u011fitimleri vermekte, uluslararas\u0131 ge\u00e7erlili\u011fe sahip telc s\u0131navlar\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fczenlemekte, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de ve Almanya\u2019da dil kamplar\u0131 organize etmekte, dijital ve bas\u0131l\u0131 yay\u0131nc\u0131l\u0131k faaliyetlerinde bulunmaktad\u0131r. DAS<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":27286,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ocean_post_layout":"full-width","ocean_both_sidebars_style":"","ocean_both_sidebars_content_width":0,"ocean_both_sidebars_sidebars_width":0,"ocean_sidebar":"0","ocean_second_sidebar":"0","ocean_disable_margins":"enable","ocean_add_body_class":"","ocean_shortcode_before_top_bar":"","ocean_shortcode_after_top_bar":"","ocean_shortcode_before_header":"","ocean_shortcode_after_header":"","ocean_has_shortcode":"","ocean_shortcode_after_title":"","ocean_shortcode_before_footer_widgets":"","ocean_shortcode_after_footer_widgets":"","ocean_shortcode_before_footer_bottom":"","ocean_shortcode_after_footer_bottom":"","ocean_display_top_bar":"off","ocean_display_header":"on","ocean_header_style":"","ocean_center_header_left_menu":"0","ocean_custom_header_template":"0","ocean_custom_logo":0,"ocean_custom_retina_logo":0,"ocean_custom_logo_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_tablet_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_mobile_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_max_height":0,"ocean_custom_logo_tablet_max_height":0,"ocean_custom_logo_mobile_max_height":0,"ocean_header_custom_menu":"0","ocean_menu_typo_font_family":"0","ocean_menu_typo_font_subset":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_size":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_unit":"px","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight_tablet":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight_mobile":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform_tablet":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform_mobile":"","ocean_menu_typo_line_height":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_unit":"","ocean_menu_typo_spacing":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_unit":"","ocean_menu_link_color":"","ocean_menu_link_color_hover":"","ocean_menu_link_color_active":"","ocean_menu_link_background":"","ocean_menu_link_hover_background":"","ocean_menu_link_active_background":"","ocean_menu_social_links_bg":"","ocean_menu_social_hover_links_bg":"","ocean_menu_social_links_color":"","ocean_menu_social_hover_links_color":"","ocean_disable_title":"default","ocean_disable_heading":"default","ocean_post_title":"","ocean_post_subheading":"","ocean_post_title_style":"","ocean_post_title_background_color":"","ocean_post_title_background":0,"ocean_post_title_bg_image_position":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_attachment":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_repeat":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_size":"","ocean_post_title_height":0,"ocean_post_title_bg_overlay":0.5,"ocean_post_title_bg_overlay_color":"","ocean_disable_breadcrumbs":"off","ocean_breadcrumbs_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_separator_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_links_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_links_hover_color":"","ocean_display_footer_widgets":"off","ocean_display_footer_bottom":"off","ocean_custom_footer_template":"0","ocean_post_oembed":"","ocean_post_self_hosted_media":"","ocean_post_video_embed":"","ocean_link_format":"","ocean_link_format_target":"self","ocean_quote_format":"","ocean_quote_format_link":"post","ocean_gallery_link_images":"on","ocean_gallery_id":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[336],"tags":[233,347,346,52,345],"class_list":["post-28308","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-almanca-ogrenmek","tag-almanca","tag-almanca-kelime","tag-almanca-ogrenmek","tag-das-akademie","tag-yabanci-dil","entry","has-media"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/tr.dasakademie.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/28308","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/tr.dasakademie.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/tr.dasakademie.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tr.dasakademie.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tr.dasakademie.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=28308"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/tr.dasakademie.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/28308\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tr.dasakademie.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/27286"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/tr.dasakademie.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=28308"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tr.dasakademie.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=28308"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tr.dasakademie.com\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=28308"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}